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DSM Reference HomeDSM-IV: Primary InsomniaDifficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep. A term that is employed ubiquitously to indicate any and all gradations and types of sleep loss. Insomnia may be associated with any of a number of mental disorders. When the problem exists in the absence of another cause, it is considered a separately diagnosed Dyssomnia. A. The predominant complaint is difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or non restorative sleep, for at least 1 month. B. The sleep disturbance (or associated daytime fatigue) causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. C. The sleep disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of Narcolepsy, Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder, Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder, or a Parasomnia. D. The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of another mental disorder (e.g. Major Depressive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, a Delirium). E. The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g. a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition. Based on the Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition APA Also: agrypnia, aypnia, conditioned, initial, middle , Insomnia Related to Another Mental Disorder terminal
The online Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders lists most of the major psychological disorders and illnesses and lists the criteria that must be fulfilled in order for a diagnosis to be made. This resource is not a substitute for proper professional psychiatric diagnosis.
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Last Updated
07 January 2026
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