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DSM-IV: Phonological Disorder

Individuals with this Communication Disorder of childhood demonstrate impairment in their ability to produce sounds as expected for their developmental level.

Diagnostic criteria for 315.39 Phonological Disorder

A. Failure to use developmentally expected speech sounds that are appropriate for age and dialect (e.g. errors in sound production, use, representation, or organization such as, but not limited to, substitutions of one sound for another [use of /t/ for target /k/ sound] or omissions of sounds such as final consonants).
B. The difficulties in speech sound production interfere with academic or occupational achievement or with social communication.
C. If Mental Retardation, a speech-motor or sensory deficit, or environmental deprivation is present, the speech difficulties are in excess of those usually associated with these problems.

Coding note: If a speech-motor or sensory deficit or a neurological condition is present, code the condition on Axis III.

Based on the Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition APA

Also: developmental articulation disorder

The online Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders lists most of the major psychological disorders and illnesses and lists the criteria that must be fulfilled in order for a diagnosis to be made. This resource is not a substitute for proper professional psychiatric diagnosis.